Tetrahydrofuran (THF)
Chemical Description:
Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is a clear, colorless, water-miscible organic liquid with a low viscosity and a characteristic ether-like odor. It has the chemical formula C₄H₈O and is a fully hydrogenated derivative of furan. THF is a highly polar solvent and has a wide range of applications in industrial and laboratory settings.
Chemical Properties:
Molecular Formula: C₄H₈O
Molecular Weight: 72.11 g/mol
Boiling Point: 66°C (151°F)
Melting Point: -108°C (-162°F)
Density: 0.889 g/cm³ at 20°C
Flash Point: -14°C (6.8°F)
Solubility: Miscible with water, ethanol, ether, acetone, and benzene.
Applications:
Solvent: Widely used as a solvent for PVC and in varnishes and coatings due to its ability to dissolve a wide range of polymers.
Chemical Synthesis: Acts as an intermediate in the production of various chemicals, such as polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMEG), a precursor for spandex fibers.
Laboratory Use: Employed as a reaction medium in Grignard and other organometallic reactions.
Pharmaceuticals: Utilized in the production of pharmaceuticals due to its ability to dissolve both polar and non-polar compounds.
Safety and Handling:
Hazards: THF is highly flammable, posing fire and explosion risks. It can form explosive peroxides upon prolonged exposure to air and light.
Precautions: Store in a tightly closed container in a cool, well-ventilated area away from heat, sparks, and open flame. Use proper grounding and bonding procedures when transferring THF to prevent static discharge. Regularly monitor for the formation of peroxides.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Use appropriate gloves, safety goggles, and protective clothing when handling THF. Ensure good ventilation or use fume extraction to minimize inhalation exposure.
Packaging Details:
Container Types: THF is typically packaged in high-quality steel drums or ISO tanks to ensure safety during transportation and storage.
Drum Packaging: Available in 200-liter (53-gallon) steel drums, which are internally coated to prevent contamination and oxidation.
ISO Tank: For bulk quantities, THF is supplied in ISO tank containers with capacities ranging from 20,000 to 24,000 liters, ensuring safe and efficient transport over long distances.
Labelling: Each container is labelled with the product name, chemical formula, hazard warnings, and handling instructions as per regulatory requirements (e.g., GHS, OSHA).
Storage and Transportation:
Storage Conditions: Store THF in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated area, away from sources of ignition and incompatible materials such as strong oxidizers and acids. Containers should be kept tightly closed when not in use.
Transportation: Classified as a hazardous material, THF must be transported in compliance with regulations set by agencies such as the Department of Transportation (DOT), International Air Transport Association (IATA), and International Maritime Organization (IMO). Proper labeling, documentation, and securement are essential to ensure safe transport.
Regulatory Information:
CAS Number: 109-99-9
EC Number: 203-726-8
Regulatory Compliance: Ensure compliance with local, national, and international regulations when handling and transporting THF. Follow guidelines provided by agencies such as the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), and others.
Description provided by OPULENT INTERNATIONAL.
